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Framing Questions
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How did Africans live in freedom before enslavement? |
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How did Europeans and African Americans perceive African cultures? |
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What was the experience of capture and enslavement for those who became African Americans? |
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| 3. |
Gold Coast » Text Links / Note / Discussion Questions
| - | "Gold Coast Negroes" described by Jean Barbot, 1682 |
| - | "Fetishmen" described by John Atkins, 1720 |
| - | Ashanti festival described by Thomas Bowditch, 1815 |
| - | First enslaved Africans described by Gomes Eannes de Azurara, ca. 1450 |
| - | Enslaved Africans on Barbados described by Richard Ligon, 1657 |
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| 6. |
Capture» Text Links / Note / Discussion Questions
| - | Capture in Guinea, at age 7, ca. 1735 |
| - | Capture in west Africa at age 16, ca. 1758 |
| - | Boarding the slave ship, 1694 |
| - | Mutiny en route, 1730s |
| - | "Grandmother was one of them," selections from WPA narratives, 1930s |
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Image: Depiction of a leader, merchant, and soldiers in the kingdom of Kongo (Angola), ca. 1675, watercolor by Fr. Giovanni Antonio Cavazzi da Montecuccolo, published in Ezio Bassani, ed., "Un Cappuccino nell'Africa nera del seicento: I disegni dei Manoscritti Araldi del Padre Giovanni Antonio Cavazzi da Montecuccolo" ("A Capuchin in Black Africa in the Seventeenth Century: Drawings of the Araldi Manuscript of Father Giovanni Antonio Cavazzi da Montecuccolo"), Milan: Quaderni Poro, No. 4, 1987, plate 17. Digital image courtesy of Jerome S. Handler, Michael L. Tuite, Jr., and the University of Virginia Library, in the digital collection The Atlantic Slave Trade and Slave Life in the Americas: A Visual Record.
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