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Toolbox LibraryTrainingMaking the Revolution: America, 1763-1791
Making the Revolution: America, 1763-1791
Theme: Crisis Theme: Rebellion Theme: WarTheme: IndependenceTheme: Constitution
Theme - Rebellion: 1774-1776


REBELLION

Framing Questions
  • What rebellions and "civil wars" occurred within the colonies as war approached in the mid 1770s?
  • How did colonists express and debate their differing opinions?
  • How did they deal with political opponents?
  • What caused the moderate voice to fade from the political arena?
  • What led Americans to support or oppose the ultimate goal of independence?


1.  Loyalists I: Civil War» Text Links / Note / Discussion Questions

- Loyalists at the outbreak of war: selections from letters and commentary, 1775-1776
- Rev. Myles Cooper (Loyalist), "The Patriots of North America," poem, 1775, selections

2.  Loyalists II: "Traitor!"» Text Links / Note / Discussion Questions

- Anti-Loyalist broadsides (2) and blank forms of allegiance (2), 1775-1776
- Anti-Loyalist violence, 1774-1775: incidents compiled by Peter Oliver, Origin and Progress of the American Revolution, 1781
- Nathaniel Hawthorne, "My Kinsman, Major Molineux," short story, 1830, depicting mob violence in pre-revolutionary Boston

3.  Loyalists III: Join—or Else» Text Links / Note / Discussion Questions

- Nicholas Cresswell, travel journal, selections on the treatment of Loyalists in Virginia, 1774-1777
- Janet Schaw, travel letters, selections on the treatment of Loyalists in North Carolina, 1775

4.  Loyalists IV: Backcountry» Text Links / Note / Discussion Questions

- Reports to the South Carolina Council of Safety on recruiting backcountry settlers to the Patriot cause, 1775

5.  The Pacifists» Text Links / Note / Discussion Questions

- Pacifists' appeals for tolerance in the first years of the Revolution, 1775-1778

6.  The Enslaved» Text Links / Note / Discussion Questions

- Appeals for abolition, 1773-1783
- Petition to end slavery in Massachusetts, 1777
- The anti-slavery clause in Jefferson's draft of the Declaration of Independence, 1776

7.  Common Sense?» Text Links / Note / Discussion Questions

- Thomas Paine, Common Sense, 1776, selections
- Praise for Common Sense in American newspapers, 1776
- Rev. Charles Inglis (Loyalist), The Deceiver Unmasked (on Common Sense), 1776, selections
- Hannah Griffitts, "Upon reading a Book entitled Common Sense," poem, 1776
- John Adams, Autobiography, early 1800s, comments on Common Sense

8.  Declaring Independence» Text Links / Note / Discussion Questions

- The Declaration of Independence, 4 July 1776, annotated
- Delegates' letters on the Declaration, July 1776
- News accounts of celebrations of the Declaration, 1776
- A Loyalist's rebuttal of the Declaration: Thomas Hutchinson, Strictures Upon the Declaration . . . , 1776, selections




Images:
– Declaration of Independence, broadside, n. p., July 1776 (detail). Early American Imprints, Doc .43196, American Antiquarian Society with Read Ex/News Bank; permission pending.
– Oil portrait of Thomas Jefferson by Charles Willson Peale, 1791. Courtesy of the Independence National Historical Park Collection, Philadelphia, National Park Service; digital image courtesy of the Library of Congress.
– Oil portrait of Rev. Myles Cooper by John Singleton Copley, ca. 1768. Columbia University; permission pending.
To the People of America. Stop him! Stop him!. . . , broadside, 1775. Early American Imprints, Doc. 14509, American Antiquarian Society with NewsBank/ReadEx; permission pending.
– British print depicting the tarring and feathering of royal official John Malcom in Boston in 1774 (detail). National Maritime Museum (Greenwich, London); reproduced by permission.
– Thomas Paine, Common Sense, 1776, title page (detail). Early American Imprints, American Antiquarian Society with NewsBank/ReadEx; permission pending.




REBELLION
1. Loyalists I: Civil War 2. Loyalists II: Traitor! 3. Loyalists III: Join Or Else
4. Loyalists IV: Backcountry 5. The Pacifists 6. The Enslaved
7. Common Sense? 8. Declaring Independence




TOOLBOX: Making the Revolution: America, 1763-1791
Crisis | Rebellion | War | Independence | Constitution



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