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Toolbox LibraryTrainingMaking the Revolution: America, 1763-1791
Making the Revolution: America, 1763-1791
Theme: CrisisTheme: RebellionTheme: WarTheme: IndependenceTheme: Constitution
Theme - Crisis: 1763-1775


CRISIS

Framing Questions
  • Between 1763 and 1775, what changed many Americans from loyal British subjects to rebellious Patriots?
  • Why did many Americans remain loyal to Great Britain and oppose rebellion?
  • How did Patriots and Loyalists convey their views through the media outlets of the time?
  • Was the American Revolution inevitable? If so, was there a "point of no return"?


1.  1763: Britain Victorious» Text Links / Note / Discussion Questions

- COMPILATION: Colonists respond to British victory in the French and Indian War, 1759-1763
- Benjamin West, The Death of General Wolfe (1759), oil on canvas, 1770

2.  1764: Loyal Subjects?» Text Links / Note / Discussion Questions

- COMPILATION: Colonists respond to the Sugar & Currency Acts, 1764
- A Briton's warning to Britain: Thomas Pownall, The Administration of the Colonies, 1764, selections

3.  1765-66: Stamp Act Crisis» Text Links / Note / Discussion Questions

- Parliamentary debate on the Stamp Act, 1765, selections
- COMPILATION: Colonists respond to the Stamp Act, 1765-1766
- "A Poetical Dream concerning Stamped Papers," poem (anonymous), 1765
- COMPILATION: Colonists respond to the Stamp Act's repeal, 1766

4.  1766-69: The Crisis Deepens» Text Links / Note / Discussion Questions

- COMPILATION: Colonists respond to the Townshend Acts, 1767-1770
- COMPILATION: Colonists respond to the Quartering Act, 1766-1767
- John Dickinson, Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania, Letters 1 & 2, 1767
- Artists' depictions of the arrival of British troops in Boston, 1768

5.  1770: Violence—and Pause» Text Links / Note / Discussion Questions

- COMPILATION: Colonists respond to the violent confrontations of 1770
- Letters of Benjamin Franklin & Samuel Cooper on the easing of British-American tensions, 1770-1771, selections

6.  1772-73: Crisis Renewed» Text Links / Note / Discussion Questions

- Boston Committee of Correspondence, the "Boston Pamphlet," 1772, selections
- Rev. John Allen, An Oration upon the Beauties of Liberty, sermon after the Gaspée incident, 1772, selections
- COMPILATION: Colonists respond to the Tea Act & the Boston Tea Party, 1773-1774
- David Ramsay, A Sermon on Tea, essay, 1774

7.  1774: Colonies United» Text Links / Note / Discussion Questions

- COMPILATION: Colonists respond to the Coercive Acts and the First Continental Congress, 1774
- First Continental Congress, 1774: Petition to King George III, Bill of Rights, Letters to the American colonists & to the British people, excerpts

8.  1775: The Outbreak of War» Text Links / Note / Discussion Questions

- COMPILATION: Colonists respond to the outbreak of war, 1774-1775
- Sermons on the outbreak of war and the justifiability of revolution, 1775, selections
- Announcement of the Battle of Lexington & Concord, Virginia, 1775
- Diary of Matthew Patten, New Hampshire, selections, 1775-1776
- Second Continental Congress, 1775: Olive Branch Petition; Declaration . . . Setting Forth the Causes and Necessity of Their Taking Up Arms

9.  How Did We Get Here?» Text Links / Note / Discussion Questions

- Benjamin Franklin, Rules by Which a Great Empire May Be Reduced to a Small One, satirical essay, 1773
- Francis Hopkinson, A Pretty Story Written in the Year of Our Lord 2774, allegory, 1774
- John Adams, letter to Hezekiah Niles, 1818, excerpts on the American Revolution




Images:
– Christian Remick, A Perspective View of the Blockade of Boston Harbour, watercolor, ca. 1768 (detail). Reproduced by permission of the Massachusetts Historical Society.
– William Bradford, ed., Pennsylvania Journal and Weekly Advertiser, 31 October 1765, p. 1 (detail). Courtesy of the Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, LC-USZ62-21637.
– Benjamin Franklin, portrait by Joseph Siffred Duplessis, oil on canvas, 1778. Metropolitan Museum of Art, The Friedsam Collection, bequest of Michael Friedsam, 1931 (32.100.1232); reproduced by permission.
– Illustration (detail) in broadside A Poem Upon the Bloody Engagement that was fought on BUNKER's-HILL in Charlestown, NEW-ENGLAND, on the 17th of JUNE, 1775 . . . , Chelmsford, Massachusetts, 1775. Early American Imprints, American Antiquarian Society with NewsBank/Readex, Doc 49296; permission pending.
Americans Throwing the Cargoes of the Tea Ships into the River, at Boston, engraving (detail), in W. D. Rev. Mr. Cooper, The History of North America (London: E. Newbery, 1789). Courtesy of the Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, LC-USZC4-538 (also Rare Book and Special Collections Division, Digital ID us0012_01).
–Paul Revere, The Bloody Massacre Perpetrated in King Street, Boston on March 5, 1770 by a party of the 29th Regt., engraving, Boston, 1770 (detail). Courtesy of the Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, LC-USZC2-4913.
Two Acts of Parliament, London, 1764; Boston reprint (detail). Massachusetts Historical Society; permission pending.
– Benjamin Blyth, portrait of John Adams, pastel on paper, ca. 1766 (detail). Reproduced by permission of the Massachusetts Historical Society.




CRISIS
1. 1763: Britain Victorious 2. 1764: Loyal Subjects? 3. 1765-66: Stamp Act Crisis
4. 1767-69: Crisis Deepens 5. 1770: Violence-and Pause 6. 1772-73: Crisis Renewed
7. 1774: Colonies United 8. 1775: The Outbreak of War 9. How Did We Get Here?




TOOLBOX: Making the Revolution: America, 1763-1791
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